THE ACTIVITIES OF UKRAINIAN AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES IN THE GLOBAL FOOD SECURITY SYSTEM
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32782/2413-9971/2026-59-12Keywords:
agro-industrial sector, global food security, exports, crop yields, infrastructure damagesAbstract
The full-scale military invasion into Ukraine since February 2022 has profoundly disrupted the national agro-industrial sector, yet Ukrainian agro-enterprises have demonstrated remarkable resilience in maintaining both domestic food security and substantial contributions to global food security. This study analyzed key performance indicators of major grain and oilseed crops - wheat, corn, barley, and sunflower - across marketing years 2020/2021 to 2025/2026, revealing significant contractions in sown areas (20-38% reductions in 2022/2023 due to occupation and infrastructure destruction) alongside yield improvements through intensification on safer lands (e.g., corn yields rising 29.4% to 7.27 t/ha by 2025/2026). Production volumes stabilized at 52-77 million tons of grains in 2025, enabling full coverage of Ukraine's internal needs (6-7 million tons of wheat annually) and export potentials of 46-49 million tons, positioning Ukraine as the 4th global exporter of corn and 5th of wheat, while supplying 10-12% of world sunflower oil. Despite cumulative damages estimated at $72 billion in 2024, including loss of 1.5-2 million hectares (20% of arable land) and logistical blockades, agro-enterprises adapted via alternative export routes, technological advancements, and market diversification, mitigating global food crises exacerbated by the conflict, COVID-19, and climate shocks. The sector's raw-material export orientation and extensive growth patterns underscore vulnerabilities, yet its strategic role in stabilizing prices and feeding millions in Africa, Asia, and the Middle East affirms its criticality. In conclusion, the study emphasizes that the long-term sustainability of the Ukrainian agro-industrial sector necessitates a transition from emergency adaptation to strategic reconstruction. This requires robust state-led interventions, including specialized credit subsidies, comprehensive military risk insurance, and the restoration of irrigation and logistical infrastructure. Such measures are imperative to bolster the sector’s competitiveness and ensure its continued contribution to global food security.
References
174th Session of the FAO Council Item 6: The impact of the war in Ukraine on global food security and related matters under the mandate of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. FAO (2024). URL: https://openknowledge.fao.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/813794e0-96b6-4a56-8705-8cdab0bfc65e/content
Global Food Security Update: May to September 2025. FEWS.net. URL: https://fews.net/global/special-report/may-2025/
Global Report on Food Crises (GRFC) 2025. World Food Programme. 2025. Rome. DOI: https://doi.org/10.71958/wfp130793
Security Council report (2025). URL: https://www.securitycouncilreport.org/monthly-forecast/2025-11/conflict-and-food-insecurity-2.php
The impact of the war in Ukraine on global food security and related matters in 2023. Rome. FAO (2023). URL: https://openknowledge.fao.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/813794e0-96b6-4a56-8705-8cdab0bfc65e/content
Toygar, A., Yildirim, U. (2023). Examining the effects of the Russia-Ukraine conflict on global supply chains. Handbook of Research on War Policies, Strategies, and Cyber Wars: monograf. IGI Global. pp. 184–199. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-6741-1.CH010
Ukraine – Rapid Damage and Needs Assessment : February 2022–2023. (RDNA). March 2023. the World Bank, the Government of Ukraine, the European Union, the United Nations. URL: https://reliefweb.int/report/ukraine/ukraine-rapid-damage-and-needs-assessment-february-2022-2023-enuk#:~:text=
Ukraine Third Rapid Damage And Needs Assessment (RDNA3). February 2022 – December 2023. Washington, D.C.: World Bank. 2024. URL: https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/099021324115085807/pdf
Ukraine. Fourth Rapid Damage and Needs Assessment (RDNA4) : February 2022 – December 2024. Washington, D.C. : World Bank. February 2025. URL: https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/099022025114040022/pdf/P180174-ca39eccd-ea67-4bd8-b537-ff73a675a0a8.pdf
Агакерімова Р. Вплив війни в Україні на національну та глобальну продовольчу безпеку. Економіка та суспільство. 2023. Вип. 50. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32782/2524-0072/2023-50-53
Агробізнес України. Інфографічний довідник 2020–2021. URL: https://agribusinessinukraine.com/the-infographics-report-ukrainian-agribusiness-2021/
Агробізнес України. Інфографічний довідник 2023–2024. URL: https://agribusinessinukraine.com/the-infographics-report-ukrainian-agribusiness-2024
Великоіваненко Г. І., Ткач О. В. Роль України у глобальній продовольчій безпеці. Агросвіт. 2025. № 1. С. 33-38. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32702/2306-6792.2025.1.33
Комітетські слухання. Комітет з питань аграрної та земельної політики. 18 жовтня 2023 р. URL: https://www.rada.gov.ua/news/news_kom/242580.html
Кривохижа, Є.М., Пугачов, В.М., Кебко, В.В. Роль аграрного експорту України у забезпеченні глобальної продовольчої безпеки. Аграрні інновації. 2025. № 32. C. 306-312. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32848/agrar.innov.2025.32.43
Николюк, О., Пивовар, П., Назаркіна, Р., Стольнікович, Г., Богонос, М. Динаміка земельного фонду: як змінилися земельні ресурси України після 24 лютого 2022 року. Центр досліджень продовольства та землекористування. URL: https://kse.ua/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/Agroviglyad_2_ukr.pdf
Площа, врожайність та виробництво в Україні. FAS (2025). URL: https://ipad.fas.usda.gov/countrysummary/ efault.aspx?id=UP&crop=Barley
Подсоха, А., Прусова, Г., Чуб, О. Стан продовольчої безпеки України в умовах невизначеності. Herald of Khmelnytskyi National University. Economic Sciences. 2025. № 344(4). С. 617-622. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31891/2307-5740-2025-344-4-87
Реалізація потенціалу промисловості й аграрного сектора економіки в умовах війни та повоєнного відновлення : аналіт. доп. Київ : НІСД, 2025. 93 с. DOI: https://doi.org/10.53679/NISS-analytrep.2025.09
Третина українських земель є потенційно небезпечною для с / г робіт. URL: https://agravery.com/uk/posts/show/tretina-ukrainskih-zemel-e-potencijno-nebezpecnou-dla-sg-robit
Україна в 2024 році експортувала зерна на $9,4 млрд. Forbes URL: https://forbes.ua/news/ukraina-v-2024-rotsi-eksportuvala-zerna-na-94-mlrd-tse-drugiy-rezultat-
Україна збільшить експорт зернових та олійних культур до 49 млн тонн. UkrAgroConsult. URL: https://ukragroconsult.com/en/news/ukraine-to-increase-exports-of-grains-and-oilseeds-to-49-mln-tons-uga
FAO. (2024). 174th Session of the FAO Council Item 6: The impact of the war in Ukraine on global food security and related matters under the mandate of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Available at: https://openknowledge.fao.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/813794e0-96b6-4a56-8705-8cdab0bfc65e/content
FEWS NET. (2025). Global Food Security Update: May to September 2025. Available at: https://fews.net/global/special-report/may-2025/
World Food Programme. (2025). Global Report on Food Crises (GRFC) 2025. Rome. DOI: https://doi.org/10.71958/wfp130793
Security Council Report. (2025). Conflict and food insecurity. Available at: https://www.securitycouncilreport.org/monthly-forecast/2025-11/
FAO. (2023). The impact of the war in Ukraine on global food security and related matters in 2023. Rome. Available at: https://openknowledge.fao.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/813794e0-96b6-4a56-8705-8cdab0bfc65e/content
Toygar, A., & Yildirim, U. (2023). Examining the effects of the Russia-Ukraine conflict on global supply chains. Handbook of Research on War Policies, Strategies, and Cyber Wars: monograf. IGI Global. pp. 184–199. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-6741-1.CH010
World Bank, Government of Ukraine, European Union, & United Nations. (2023, March). Ukraine – Rapid Damage and Needs Assessment: February 2022–2023 (RDNA). Available at: https://reliefweb.int/report/ukraine/ ukraine-rapid-damage-and-needs-assessment-february-2022-2023-enuk
World Bank. (2024). Ukraine Third Rapid Damage and Needs Assessment (RDNA3): February 2022 – December 2023. Washington, D.C. Available at: https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/099021324115085807/pdf/
World Bank. (2025, February). Ukraine. Fourth Rapid Damage and Needs Assessment (RDNA4): February 2022 – December 2024. Washington, D.C. Available at: https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/ 099022025114040022/pdf/
Agakerimova, R. (2023). Vplyv viiny v Ukraini na natsionalnu ta hlobalnu prodovolchu bezpeku [The impact of the war in Ukraine on national and global food security]. Ekonomika ta suspilstvo ‒ Economy and Society, vol. (50). DOI: https://doi.org/10.32782/2524-0072/2023-50-53. [in Ukrainian].
Agrobiznes Ukrainy (2021). Infografichnyi dovidnyk 2020–2021 [Infographic handbook 2020–2021]. Available at: https://agribusinessinukraine.com/the-infographics-report-ukrainian-agribusiness-2021/
Agrobiznes Ukrainy (2024). Infografichnyi dovidnyk 2023–2024 [Infographic handbook 2023–2024]. Available at: https://agribusinessinukraine.com/the-infographics-report-ukrainian-agribusiness-2024
Velikoivanenko, H. I., & Tkach, O. V. (2025). Rol Ukrainy u hlobalnii prodovolchii bezpetsi [The role of Ukraine in global food security]. Agrosvit ‒AgroWorld, vol. (1), pp. 33-38. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32702/2306-6792.2025.1.33 [in Ukrainian].
Komitet z pytan ahrarnoi ta zemelnoi polityky. (2023, October 18). Komitetski slukhannia [Committee hearings]. Available at: https://www.rada.gov.ua/news/news_kom/242580.html [in Ukrainian].
Kryvokhyzha, Ye. M., Puhachov, V. M., & Kebko, V. V. (2025). Rol ahrarnoho eksportu Ukrainy u zabezpechenni hlobalnoi prodovolchoi bezpeky [The role of Ukraine's agricultural exports in ensuring global food security]. Ahrarni innovatsii ‒ Agrarian Innovations, vol. (32), pp. 306-312. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32848/agrar.innov.2025.32.43 [in Ukrainian].
Nikoliuk, O., Pyvovar, P., Nazarkina, R., Stolnikovych, H., & Bohonos, M. (2024). Dynamika zemelnoho fondu: yak zminylisia zemelni resursy Ukrainy pislia 24 liutoho 2022 roku [Land fund dynamics: How land resources in Ukraine have changed after February 24, 2022]. Tsentr doslidzhen prodovolchia ta zemlekorystuvannia ‒ Center for Food and Land Use Studies. Available at: https://kse.ua/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/Agroviglyad_2_ukr.pdf [in Ukrainian].
United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS). (2025). Ploshcha, vrozhainist ta vyrobnytstvo v Ukraini [Area, yield and production in Ukraine]. Available at: https://ipad.fas.usda.gov/countrysummary/default.aspx?id=UP&crop=Barley
Podsoha, A., Prusova, H., & Chub, O. (2025). Stan prodovolchoi bezpeky Ukrainy v umovakh nevyznachenosti [The state of Ukraine's food security in conditions of uncertainty]. Herald of Khmelnytskyi National University. Economic Sciences, vol. 34(4), pp. 617-622. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31891/2307-5740-2025-344-4-87 [in Ukrainian].
Realizatsiia potentsialu promyslovosti y ahrarnoho sektora ekonomiky v umovakh viiny ta poviiennoho vidnovlennia: analitychnyi dopovid [Implementation of the potential of industry and the agricultural sector of the economy in conditions of war and post-war recovery: Analytical report]. (2025). Natsionalnyi instytut stratehichnykh doslidzhen ‒ National Institute for Strategic Studies], Kyiv. DOI: https://doi.org/10.53679/NISS-analytrep.2025.09 [in Ukrainian].
Tretyna ukrainskykh zemel e potentsiino nebezpechnoiu dlia s/h robit [A third of Ukrainian lands are potentially dangerous for agricultural work]. (2024). Agravery. Available at: https://agravery.com/uk/posts/show/tretina-ukrainskih-zemel-e-potencijno-nebezpecnou-dla-sg-robit
Forbes Ukraine. (2025, January 13). Ukraina v 2024 rotsi eksportuvala zerna na $9,4 mlrd. Tse drugyi rezultat pislia rekordnoho 2019-ho [Ukraine exported grain worth $9.4 billion in 2024. This is the second result after the record 2019]. Available at: https://forbes.ua/news/ukraina-v-2024-rotsi-eksportuvala-zerna-na-94-mlrd-tse-drugiy-rezultat-pislya-rekordnogo-2019-go-13012025-26239 [in Ukrainian].
UkrAgroConsult. (2025). Ukraina zbilshyt eksport zernovykh ta oliinykh kultur do 49 mln tonn [Ukraine to increase exports of grains and oilseeds to 49 million tons]. Available at: https://ukragroconsult.com/en/news/ukraine-to-increase-exports-of-grains-and-oilseeds-to-49-mln-tons-uga
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Г.В. Миськів, О.-М.М. Миськів
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
