ANALYSIS OF THE PREVALENCE OF PERIMUCOSITIS, PERIIMPLANTITIS, AND CASES OF NON-INFLAMMATORY PATHOLOGICAL BONE RESORPTION IN PATIENTS AFTER DENTAL IMPLANT PLACEMENT

Abstract

Introduction. Modern views on the mechanism of peri-implant pathology suggest the influence of a number of associated risk factors, the isolated, combined or cumulative effect of which compromises the prognosis not only of the functioning of the established intraosseous support, but also of the outcome of the patient's prosthetic rehabilitation as a whole.The aim – to analyze the prevalence of perimucositis, peri-implantitis, and cases of non-inflammatory pathological bone resorption in patients after dental implant placement.Materials and methods. 493 patients of the University Dental Polyclinic LLC, Uzhhorod, were selected for the study, of which 211 (42.80%) were men and 282 (57.20%) were women. For the study, 493 patients of the University Dental Polyclinic LLC, Uzhhorod, were selected, of which 211 (42.80%) were men and 282 (57.20%) were women. The condition of intraosseous supports for dental implant placement was assessed using clinical and radiological methods. Statistical analysis of the results was carried out by determining the coefficients of Pearson's linear correlation (r) and Spearman's rank correlation (R); t-test and regression analysis methods.The results. In the area of a limited number of dental implants, there were uneven changes in the level of the surrounding bone crest with visual signs of pathological bone loss, which was confirmed by the results of cone beam tomography with signs of excessive bone loss in the area of individual intraosseous supports, characteristic of perimucositis and periimplantitis, however, the number of such cases was the lowest compared to the number of cases of the two aforementioned pathologies. Implants used as abutments of complete removable dentures were characterized by the highest prevalence of peri-implantitis and perimucositis, the highest number of such was registered in the area of implants of abutment-bridge structures, which is justified by the fact that there is a greater number of such in the distribution structure of intraosseous and supraosseous elements. The duration of functioning demonstrated a statistically significant higher level of these pathologies was registered in the area of abutments with a period of functioning of more than 5 years. A relatively higher number of cases of peri-implantitis and perimucositis was registered in the age subgroups 40-49, 50-59 and 60-69 years, which can be justified by the fact that removable structures supported by dental implants and bridges supported by dental implants of long length were used for the rehabilitation of patients in these age categories, which in turn are associated with a higher risk of developing pathological changes in the peri-implant area.Conclusion. The analysis found that the pathology of perimucositis is characterized by a higher prevalence compared to the pathologies of periimplantitis and pathological bone resorption not associated with accompanying inflammatory changes. A direct relationship has been established between the prevalence of peri-implantitis and perimucositis, the age of patients, and the duration of functioning of the structures.