A VIEW AT THE CAUSES AND PROCESSES THAT INFLUENCE THE FORMATION OF NEGATIVE DENTAL IMPLANTATION OUTCOMES
Keywords:
dental implantation, tooth extraction, bone tissue, complications, inflammatory process, peri-implantitisAbstract
Introduction. A current method of replacing a dental arch defect is dental implantation, which has a high level of success and satisfaction among patients. Along with the high success rate of dental implantation, one should not forget about complications such as peri-implantitis and disintegration of the dental implant. Treatment and prevention of complications is of key importance in modern dentistry, especially in dental implantation, and affects the biological, functional and aesthetic results of dental rehabilitation of patients.The aim of the study was to analyze the causes of unsatisfactory results of the surgical stage of dental implantation.A survey and questionnaire were conducted of 50 patients who underwent the surgical stage of dental implantation and had complications such as peri-implantitis and disintegration of the dental implant.One of the most significant risk factors for the development of complications of dental implantation, namely disintegration of dental implants and peri-implantitis, is smoking. The vast majority of respondents (86%) indicated the presence of this bad habit, emphasizing that they use more than one pack of cigarettes daily, often this bad habit was acquired more than 10 years ago. The level of oral hygiene of patients is crucial for the success of dental implantation, since the presence of hard and soft dental deposits causes increased adhesion of microorganisms, which stimulates local inflammatory phenomena. Inflammation is a fundamental stage of wound healing. Since the installation of an implant involves surgical trauma to the recipient area, the initial wound healing, leading to osseointegration, is closely related to the process of bone healing around the implant, which is similar to the processes of reparative regeneration in the event of a bone fracture.When planning dental implantation, the process of collecting anamnestic data is extremely important, since the presence of adverse factors that were not eliminated during the treatment process can lead to peri-implantitis and disintegration of the dental implant, which can have negative consequences in the process of dental rehabilitation of patients with adentia.
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